T. Adam Ginn, M.D., chief resident in orthopaedics at Wake Forest Baptist, and one of the study's researchers states in the report, "We found signs of early blood vessel damage that could lead to significant symptoms and could end a player's career. The gloves' current design does not protect the hand from trauma."
Researchers examined 36 players on four minor league baseball teams in North Carolina, from April to September 2001. The subjects included nine catchers, seven infielders, five outfielders, and 15 pitchers.
The study revealed pro-baseball players face exposure to more repetitive hand trauma than those in any other sport. Catchers suffered the most severe damage, despite the fact 89-percent of them used additional protective padding.
Catchers may receive 150 pitches per game, many at speeds over 90 m.p.h. The repetitive impact of the ball hitting the gloved hand has been shown to lead to damage to blood vessels. Over time, blood flow can be significantly reduced and nerves may be bruised, causing numbness and tingling, reduced sensitivity to cold and bluish-colored skin.
The researchers used ultrasound and other testing to look at blood circulation in the hands. They also looked for enlarged fingers - a sign of injury - and asked players about hand symptoms.
While none of the players in the study were yet limited in their duties, the long-term effects of repetitive trauma can be significant.
